August 2, 2006 - Meeting on Climate Change
Meeting went four hours and 59 minutes, ending about 2:40 pm.

Present: Braden, Jackson, Merulla, Bratina (until about 1 pm), Pearson, McHattie, Bruckler, McCarthy, Morelli, Di Ianni (arrived 10:10 , left at 12:25).

Missing: Kelly, Whitehead, Mitchell, Samson, Collins, Ferguson (ill).

Quorum was lost three times during item 5.3 presentation by Brian Montgomery of the climate change strategic plan. It was restored for most of the councillor questioning of Montgomery , and then lost again when citizen presentations began at 12:30 . From then on quorum was only briefly obtained and after 1 pm it was permanently lost, with councillor numbers falling to six several times during the citizen presentations. As a result, item 5.3 could not be completed, the staff recommendations could not be voted on, nor could motions proposed by councillors in response to citizen presentors. And a formal motion to receive the citizen presentations could not be passed either.

Item 5.1 - Presentation by Denis Corr and questions ran from 9:44 am to 11:04 am

Item 5.2 - Response by Public Health to Corr's report ran from 11:04 to 11:28 am

Item 5.3 - Climate change report and citizen presentations ran from 11:28 am to 2:40 pm

Dave Braden in chair. Says mayor will be there shortly. Notes that he just returned from the North (inside the Arctic Circle ) and the biggest caribou herd in the north "can't be found. And I assume we're going to find it, because it migrates. But it's nowhere to be seen. So we were flying low looking for it. Usually you see hundreds, if not thousands. We saw, I think, four. And none of the pilots and none of the natives know where the herd is."

Changes to Agenda: Five additional speakers: Rabbi Baskin (who has withdrawn), Daryl Bender, Virginia Cameron, Glenn Rivers, and Matt Leiss. Amended agenda approved. No declarations of interest. Minutes of July 12 meeting approved.

PRESENTATIONS

5.1 Health-Impacting Air Pollutants: A Mobile Monitoring Study
to Identify and Rank Sources in Hamilton, Ontario
Study done by Rotek Environmental and Denis Corr, Ph.D of McMaster for Clean Air Hamilton. Braden notes it was referred to COW by PED.
The full report is on the Clean Air Hamilton website at
http://www.cleanair.hamilton.ca/reports/reports-news-
presentations-fact-sheets.asp under Special Reports.
Dr Corr has provided a copy of his slides many of which are referred to below. They are posted at
http://www.hamiltoncatch.org/pdfs/Pollutants-Impacting-Survey.pdf (pdf, 3 MB).

Denis Corr: Notes it's been a few months since he originally presented so he has some updates on actions and plans for the next phase of the study. Study done in partnership with Rotek Environmental "a young aggressive Hamilton firm. It is the Hamilton air monitoring outfit, and always up for a new challenge". Performed for Clean Air Hamilton, Ministry of the Environment and Environment Canada . Follows Clean Air Hamilton strategy "which is a risk management approach applied to community wide action. And the basis for risk management is to identify the problem, measure it, evaluate it, put the risks in order of priority, inform the community and then go for the cooperative actions that will lead to real improvements. The problem here is the health impacts of air pollutants in Hamilton . I just briefly point out if you look at the deaths and hospital admissions, repiratory and cardiac [slide 4] - and most people think,and it's intuitive, that the impacts of air pollution will be on the respiratory system, but actually there's about three times as many heart attacks due to air pollution as there are respiratory incidents. And your talking about probably different groups of people here, with some overlap. . The Ontario Medical Association has just upgraded - well I don't know if upgrade is the right word - raised the number of people that they would say would be at risk. And there's also some sense out there that the people who are pushed over the edge - if I can use that phrase - by air pollution, are already in hospital or very very ill. And that's just not true. It can be people who don't even know they have a cardiac problem. Possibly some of the traffic measurements that I made later in the talk, but there's been a recent German study which shows of the people who come into hospital with a cardiac event, the relative risk of having been in traffic, either in a car or riding a bicycle, or on public transit, the relative risk is about a factor of two. Not so much for cyclists as for people in cars and [ 5:37 ] possibly because the cyclists sneak up along the side and not idle and are not exposed to as much air pollution. The other important thing I wanted to point out here is that if you look at these different air pollutants - ozone, NO2, SO2, fine particles and carbon monoxide, without looking too much at the details [slide 5 - graph] - they all play a part - both for the deaths, the respiratory and the cardiac effects. We used to think that carbon monoxide wasn't a particularly big deal. It always was around 1 ppm when we measured it in the fixed air monitoring network. But more recent data has shown that it contributes very significantly to the entire health impacts. And I just want to take a moment to recognize one of our young scientists here from the Hamilton area, Jordon Bowman. Do you want to stand up Jordan ? I didn't tell him I was going to do this. He's probably embarrassed. [applause]. Jordan has just done a really amazing science fair project which went all the way to the Canada-wide finals. He put a carbon monoxide monitor in people's vehicles and he studied how much CO people were exposed to when they commuted to Toronto, when they commuted within Hamilton and when they drove around Hamilton all day as part of their job. And then at the end of the day - this is the real interesting part - he got them to go to McMaster Health Centre, have a blood sample taken and measured the levels of carboxy-hemoglobin in their blood - which is affecting their cardio-respiratory system. And he found a very high correlation between commuting all the way to Toronto and the CO levels and the carboxy-hemoglobin levels in people's blood. Next lowest was people who drove around Hamilton , and the lowest was people who commuted inside Hamilton . This really relates to these health effects of CO and you have to ask yourself, when you see that the levels of cardiac impacts in Hamilton are 30% higher than in equivalent communities, is this due to the high levels of commuting in our community. So anyways, Jordan , like so many young guys, we all know that they're smarter than we are, and they're going to be taking over the world soon. So it's just as well they're doing this kind of good work.

So our study objectives were to identify and rank the sources, including transportation of these air pollutants, that are causing health effects. Investigate the effect of idling vehicles at a school during student drop-off and pickup times. We were asked to do that by Green Venture because a lot of complaints were coming in about the effects of idling on students. And investigate track out and road dust issues. So the first thing we did is we looked at the National Pollutant Release Inventory point sources of these pollutants in Hamilton, as a first cut of where is this coming from that's causing such health impacts in our city. So I'm just going to flip through these - and there are 56 sources of fine particulate matter, 14 sources of CO, 13 of N0x and 9 of SO2 and there's considerable overlap between them. If you look at the total point source emissions by contaminant. Skipping on, I just want to say that these are raw emission numbers so you have to remember these numbers will disperse, accumulate, be removed by vegetation. So you need to get right out on the street and measure what's actually there to find out what has the greatest impact on our citizens. Like everything else you've got to go out and mix it up and check out what's actually going on. What we'd expect to see [slide 15] carbon monoxide about 66% transportation, 23% industry. Sulphur dioxide is nearly all industry in this community. Nitrogen oxides are more evenly divided, and the fine particulates, surprisingly enough, is only about 20% coming from industry and 73% is coming from road dust and open sources of resuspension. That's a big issue because this is the fine particulates that really affect people's health. When we map the emissions sources on our community, everybody thinks that the north east industrial area is quote the industrial area of Hamilton . There are actually five industrial areas of Hamilton . There's Flamborough/Waterdown, there's an area really between McMaster and Dundurn - Chatham/Frid, near the Spectator. There's Stoney Creek where there's quite a bit of industry - chemical and secondary steel. And the East Mountain with a lot of aggregates. [slide 16 map].

So what we did was the Ministry of the Environment kindly lent us a mobile command centre, which we heavily re-did. And I think I was the guy who signed for it originally many many years ago, so I think I had a little bit of moral plight with them to get a hold of the thing. And this was our plan. We were going to do city and traffic monitoring first of all, city wide sampling, the road dust impacts, intersections, arterial roads and cycle routes. And this is the kind of - we did this on two separate days. [slide 19] So we'd start in the north-east end and work our way across the city to south-west end, and back again, to get a traverse across the city. We're hoping to do phase two of this study. And in phase two we'd like to cover these areas - we did a bit of Stoney Creek but not much, nothing in Dundas . So we'd like to cover Dundas and maybe do like a grid pattern across the city this time, hopefully on a smog day either in summer or early fall, so we can see the smog impacts and how they roll out across the city. This is the kind of data that we saw as we went across the city [slide 20]. Overwhelmingly road dust and the yellow one is nitric oxide. The other thing that I want to say - my analysis of this data was relatively simplistic, so we went to the spatial analysis unit of McMaster University, where there's some more young folks working who are probably just as smart as Jordan here, and they were able to do some of these pictures up for us that are actually much more clear. [slide 21] You can see that on the roads these levels of NO are very very high, but we did these measurements in the centre of the neighbourhood so we could see how the pollution builds up as the wind blows across the city. And you can see actually the levels in the neighbourhoods are relatively low, compared to what we've got say on Barton Street, or down on Burlington Street or here down among the industry. And these are for PM10 [slide 22].

There is a pattern to city wide sampling. [slide 23] This is the north-east and we expect it to drop off as we moved across the city to the south west, as the wind was blowing from here cross-wise. We saw some higher levels than we expected, and this is probably due to the effect of the Lincoln Alexander Parkway [2nd column from the right], and this is due to the effect of the 403 [1st column from the right]. We're a little closer to it than we would have liked.

Alderman Merulla took a lot of interest in this slide last time [slide 24]. This is just to show if you take the average overall of the residential areas, and compare it to the average of all the roads, the roads are about twice to three times higher in terms of the pollutants. In fact Burlington Street - you see Cannon looks the highest here - Burlington Street is not on here because we didn't specifically measure Burlington Street in these traverses. And at some point we want to extract from the data, when we do stage two, and do some more specific samples on Burlington Street . Because just eyeballing it, Burlington Street would be much higher than Cannon. When you look at the details of the data, these are averages, over say an hour or two. If you look at the peak minute by minute averages, the data is very dramatic.

[slide 25] If you walk out your front door in the morning, the levels are usually relatively low. But the peak one minute averages when you go on a four-lane arterial road can be twenty times higher. And when you sit at the traffic lights, with all those cars idling around you, it can be as much as fifty times highger in terms of the peak numbers. And this is what happens when you're downwind of idling stoplights. These are the residential levels down here, down in the weeds. But when you're sitting in the traffic and those cars are idling, there's nowhere for it to go but in to the ventilation system of your car and you're sitting there breathing it. So this is when you're sitting idling; this is when the cars drive off; this is when you're sitting idling again; and so on. This is Mohawk and Upper James. You can see the same pattern at traffic lights. And it's really gratifying to see that the city is initiating an anti-idling campaign. I was at the anti-idling campaign kickoff this week with a number of the alderman. And again, the kids made a little presentation there and it was. You know, maybe I'm just getting old, but it was pretty heart-rending to see, you know, their dramatic version of what's happening to them with this stuff.

[slide 26] We also made measurements upwind and downwind of Burlington Street , so we could see what the Burlington Street impact was, separately, and you can see that it's quite large. [slide 27] This is the PM10 levels that Burlington Street contributes to the neighbourhood - about 80 micrograms per metre cubed, and about 30 parts per billion of NO. [slide 28] Because of the data I did suggest at the last meeting that probably the last thing we should do is put cycle routes along main arterial roads. Hamilton is a recreational cyclist's dream. My wife and I have been doing a lot of cycling up around Chedoke and down along the lakeshore and the Bayfront Park , and it's just incredible. You'd think anywhere else in the world you'd have to pay a million dollars just to get in the door, but in Hamilton it's there for everybody. But the cycle routes on the arterial roads, the cyclists are really breathing a lot of air pollution. So one of the suggestions I had was take some of those parallel residential streets and give the cyclists right-of-way as they say go parallel to Aberdeen Avenue or Main Street or whatever. And you could have a stop sign that's just for cars, and then a give-way [yield sign] to the cyclists. And I received the usual very interested reactions. So I say I've got some ideas, some people say wow that's a great idea, and other people say that's just a straight route to the emergency department because you know the car drivers will never figure it out, you know, and they'll kill all the cyclists. Forget it. So anyways, it's just an idea.

[slide 29] We are asked to check vehicle idling outside schools as parents dropped off their kids. So the plan was to go early in the morning to George R Allan School and get the background levels, wait for the parents to come along, idle their vehicles, see what the idling impact was, and do the same thing in the afternoon. We had some problems with the truck . so we were late for school. We only arrived just about 9 oclock when the road was full of vehicles, and we got relatively high levels of NO - 30 to 35 ppb. We made sure we got there early in the afternoon, so we got the low levels, and then something strange is happening. We got a few spikes, but we didn't get the high levels that we got in the morning, and Ralph who's driving the truck says maybe we shouldn't have put out these orange cones. Like maybe they're seeing us here and we've sort of scared them off. This is what it looked like in the morning [slide 31]. We saw the idling vehicles. This is kinda of obvious. [slide 32]. This is me walking along and I counted 27 vehicles parked there in the afternoon, and they all had their engines turned off. The word had gone around like wildfire since the morning that, quote, the MOE was checking for idling cars. So everybody drove up and turned their engines off. So it turned out to be a perfect natural experiment to show the difference between when all the parents let their cars idle and when all the parents turned their cars off. And there's a difference of a factor of ten, and we - this is going to be a big part of the anti-idling campaign. We approach parents and children and have these dramatic presentations in the schools, because you know it is just cruel to make a small child walk through a cloud of air pollution to get into school. And you look at the rising rates of childhood asthma, which are now up about 15 or 20 percent. And any teacher will tell you that this never used to happen, you know, but the kids come in in the morning and the kids are given their puffers and their air chambers that the teachers have to hold for them. And this sort of thing never used to go on.

[ 20:15 ] Trackout. [slide 34] A big deal in Hamilton . Used to be thought of as just nuisance dust . This shows when we measured PM10 which is the inhalable particulates that get into your lungs; PM2.5 which is finer material which gets out to the periphery of your lungs; and PM1 which is the finest that we measured. And you can see. [slide 35] We multiplied the different numbers so that they normalized. You can see that there are large amounts of all of these fine particles which co-vary every time with a dust cloud. So the visible part of the dust cloud settles out, but the rest of this stuff remains suspended and it's spread over the city. Here is the kind of thing. I think this is Strathearne. And when we would go to these places to identify areas where there is trackout from different companies and then resuspension, these are the kind of high numbers [slide 40] that we would see on our tracers. This is Strathearne, this is Brampton Street , this is Kenilworth , this is Strathearne again. So what we did is we cut and pasted these data [slide 41] into a single chart which showed these main areas - Strathearne, Kenilworth , Victoria North, Port Authority, Nebo Road , Highway 20, Pier 25, Imperial. And for our first presentation some people said this graph is way too crowded, you can't figure out what's going on. So we went to the Geography deparment at McMaster to their spatial analysis unit and they had some more young guys working there who really get onto this. And you can see the difference [slide 42] when you can apply the kind of GIS software that they have. And this is done by Ben Garden, Savas Kanarglou and Pat DeLuca at .McMaster. And you can see at a glance where the problem areas are for re-suspension of road dust. And there's one here on Nebo Road , and there's one here down on Frid Street . And I don't think we've even got them all yet. And there's one here. And also happy to report that the Ministry of the Environment, together with the city, has initiated a road dust trackout control program. Instead of just enhanced road cleaning, which doesn't solve the root of the problem, they're getting industry and the city and the Ministry together. And I'm also working with them to see where people have had past successes so that we can really help solve this problem. [Braden asks off-mic if he's willing to take questions during his presentation] I love to see the interest, Mr Chair." [ 23:21 ]

Merulla : ".just with respect to this issue, I know, I've been in discussions with Dofasco about paving one particular parking lot that they have that's become somewhat problematic for the neighbourhood. What would be, um, obviously by paving those parking lots it would mitigate the stuff to a great degree, would it not?" Corr : "I think it's not just paving. It can also be wheel cleaning, and so on. Actually, Jordan and I were out earlier on in the week because they were sighting a new station, and you can see the ministry and the city have already started to work at Strathearne. And Strathearnes is a lot cleaner now because of the enhanced road cleaning that the city's doing, and Tim Webb, who's the MOE inspector, is really working with the people on Strathearne. We went along Windermere, and we can see that LaFarge - who operates those big piles of slag there. They have done a lot of road cleaning inside their operations, and you can just see there's a lot less trackout. Actually something we also want to do in the next phase of this study is we want to work with the people who are trying to improve, and make these measurements and see what's working and what's not working.

Merulla : "And for a number of those residents and my office, I do have to commend Tim Webb, because he's been very responsive when complaints have come to us. And most importantly our Public Works staff as well have been really focused on it. And I think that, as you've mentioned, can be used a pilot project or a pilot scenario. Having said that though, I think looking at it from the entire east end perspective, or our industrial core, obviously it's a mass area that needs to be dealt with in isolation, because there are obviously certain areas with more problematics than others. And I was wondering if you have mapped out, over and above what you have here, in isolation, the actual locations of these particular problem areas?" Corr : "This is - I find that I'm really seen as pushing this phase two project, and I am, but forgive my salesmanship. We were very limited in time in what we could do in the first cut here. But we would like to stress that its absolutely not just Strathearne Avenue . The bars don't look very high, but these are very high levels. So it's not just Strathearne. It's Highway 20 where there's a lot of trackout from a recyling yard there which is then resuspencded by all the truck traffic on Highway 20. It's up on Nebo Road . It's over on Frid Street . . While I hear what you're saying that we have to really concentrate on the industrial north end, I think we have to get working on all of it. And we really have to put the responsibility on these facilities that are tracking out material. We should not really rely on the city road cleaning to do all the job. It shouldn't be coming out in the first place - a lot of this stuff. And I think part of it is people don't know how to control it; they don't really know what to do. So this initiative - there will be a workshop in September. There's going to be all these people who have been identified, you know, where the trackout is coming from. We're going to get people who have success stories and the steps that need to be done about it."

Merulla says he agrees it's a city wide problem. Ask for other suggestions for mitigation. Corr says he doesn't have expertise. Suggests getting other firms involved. Merulla : ".I think it would be vital for us to bridge that, and to ensure that direction is put on the front burner. At the appropriate time, I will move that, but in the meantime I just want to extend my appreciation to you."

Bruckler asks about particulate matter and the east end. "Would you see after the construction of the Red Hill those levels dropping drastically, because there must be trackout coming from that construction along that valley?" Corr : "I realize I'm treading on eggshells right now. I do have to tell you that Mr Chris Murray who's your manager on the Red Hill Creek. I have had several conversations with him and he's been to make a presentation to Clean Air Hamilton last week. And there was certainly some visible . they have gone to I would say extreme lengths to try to minimize it. Also they have been working with the people of the Six Nations in terms of reseeding and revegetating the whole Red Hill Creek area, so the things he talked about are pretty impressive in terms of the measures that they have taken. Nothing's perfect, but I think they've been giving it a pretty good shot."

Bruckler : "You would see some drop in these readings, I would suspect, once this project is complete?" Corr : "Not so much on these. These are very specific. We would go along a road and see visible road dust on the road and might see a recycling yard that is not paved, and you could see the stuff coming out onto the road and being resuspended by trucks. So I think maybe some road dust on Nash Road , but I would say nearly all of these readings do not relate to the Red Hill Creek construction at all, and will not change unless we proceed with this initiative that I've been talking about. ."

Corr continues presentation: "The other thing that we did . is we looked at those point sources that are in the National Pollutant Release Inventory and tried to get out there and see . how in the real world the levels that people are breathing correspond to these emission numbers that are sent in to the federal government [slide 43]. These are just some of the point sources that we're accustomed to seeing. They're not always what we think they might be. This is an agricultural products handling facility and there can be real clouds of dust on that. It's tough to separate the point source impacts from the traffic impacts because the traffic impacts are so large, But we do things like we know the sulphur dioxide numbers all come from industry, so if we see a sulphur dioxide peak then we're downwind of that industry. Then we lock on and then when we look at and we see the NO, we know that the NO is coming from that industry rather than from traffic. These are some of the tricks that we use.

We compared the ambient sulphur dioxide with the NPRI data and actually the dark line colours the emission and the light blue is what we measured [slide 58] [31:53] - and with reasonable agreement, is the message, except there's a couple of sources here that you wouldn't know about from the NPRI, but they're there. AN here is a steel byproducts company and G is a steel company. So good agreement for SO2 because it's nearly all industry. NO - not so good agreement. [slide 59] You get very high levels from idling trains at the Aberdeen Longwood yard. And I know the community groups there have been working with CP to have those trains turned off when they're not actually shunting. Particulate matter [slide 60] even less agreement. You can see that some of the large companies - A and B are the two steel companies. You can see that there's a whole row of things which are agricultural products handling and recycling yards and so on - they don't even get on the radar screen in terms of NPRI, but they really need to be dealt with. And probably the worst agreement of all is CO [slide 61]. And the highest CO was a natural gas cogeneration facility right downtown on Bay Street here, which is actually very surprising to us, and I think we need to pay some attention to that.

There is an air monitoring network in Hamilton [slide 62] for the industries - HAMN - Hamilton Air Monitoring Network - so when we did all these scans, you know, we would recommend that this network should probably be expanded by the industries. There's not really any monitoring in the centre of the north east industrial area. We find high NOx levels from some of these industries, but the only NO x monitor is here so we probably should have more NO x monitoring over here - so that's part of our recommendations.

Again, once we went to the spatial analysis unit at McMaster [slide 67] and we started putting this data into pictures and maps, it really becomes clear. There's a north east wind day. These are the high SO2 levels, and these are the sources they are coming from - you can do the back trajectory. Sorry that was a south-west wind day. This is a north east wind day [slide 68] and again you can see now all these SO2 peaks are down here .

So we had a number of conclusions, [slides 69 and 70] which I'll zip through really quickly. These data were just taken during the winter season, relatively short periods of time. It's tough to separate out the point sources, because they're very close together. Residential areas had relatively low levels of pollutants, but the city impacts increase as distance downwind. Concentrations increase sharply from the residential areas to main roads and intersections. Idling vehicles at stoplights are a very large source of pollutant exposure. The idling at schools is a significant issue. Trackout by the large diesel trucks is a major problem. We have identified 14 specific trackout locations and again I've just been through the point source stuff. The mobile monitoring has very different strengths than the fixed network monitoring, and you really need both. And the sophisticated GIS analysis is really proven worthwhile and we're starting to work through that.

Some recommendations, [slide 71] and these are just personal recommendations of mine, not any of the funding agencies. Get the cyclists off the main roads where possible, using innovative signage or whatever. Reduce the idling emissions, including at school dropoff locations. We should probably in round two look at monitoring school bus idling as well. Prioritize trackout reduction - that's already getting started. Reinstate and enhance the road cleaning in industrial areas - that's already started. Reduce the large diesel truck trips. We've been working on that at Clean Air Hamilton with the city, to try and get these overload permits reinstated for the trucks along Burlington Street to reduce the truck trips. We could think of a gateway monitoring of the diesel exhaust at the city exit and entry points. Try and figure out how much is coming into the city from outside and how much is local stuff. We really need to continue reducing the point source emissions. I've talked a lot about traffic, but certainly the point source emissions are still very significant. Review the existing network. Review the data variances. And we would really like to come back and do this for the summer smog season, which we're rapidly running out of, so I think we're going to have to get after that as quickly as possible - and certainly this could be done for all our communities and used for the Ministry of the Environment re regulation 419 model. And thank you very much." [applause]

Merulla : ".with respect to your discussions with industry, . have there been any discussions with them and how have they contributed to some of these findings." Corr : "The Hamilton Air Monitoring Network is currently discussing what they should be doing about the network. I haven't had any direct discussions with industry. I've talked to the Ministry of the Environment, but I do need to sit down and really spend a couple of days with the Ministry of the Environment staff, because they're the ones who have the enforcement capability with industry on this."

Merulla : ".they have set up a certain committee in the east end of Hamilton to deal specifically with, Columbian Chemicals, Dofasco, and other industries in that area. This was established back in 1993 or 1994. At that time, the Minister of the Environment - the Minister I believe was Wildman - and as a direct result of the Columbian Chemicals fallout at that time, this committee was set up. .it's been sending out information to community residents but really hasn't been active over and above the local neighbourhoods. What are your thoughts.with respect to the city playing more of a role in perhaps facilitating a multi-level government approach to ensuring that not only are we monitoring the self-monitoring - which I think is somewhat of a joke - the self-monitoring legislation definitely needs to be changed. But having said that if perhaps the city and the province could play a role in ensuring that the ongoing dialogue would be more proactive than reactive. Because I have to tell you that every year I'm dealing with fallout from Columbian Chemicals or other industries and it's becoming almost routine. And I was just looking back at my calendar and it seems it's always happening the same time of year. I'm not sure if it's part of their plans - and I hope it isn't, not by design. But I'm starting to become somewhat suspicious. Having said that, what do you think of that particular portion - the city being more active and more transparent and open about their involvement and what they're doing in the breach to prevent the problems from continuing on?" [39:36]

Corr : "Alderman Merulla, I think that is a terrific idea. I went to the Shared Air Summit a couple of weeks ago for Clean Air Hamilton. The premier of the province was there - talked for 45 minutes - the Minister of the Environment was there. They had John Kerry piped in from Washington and the message through the whole thing was - this is a problem that everybody has a part of, cooperative answers are the only way that we're going to deal with it. I really believe it has to be the federal government, the provincial government, the city, the industries maybe even meet on a regular basis - quarterly or something like that because individual inspectors certainly, I mean they have the legal clout, but if there was a wider structure, I believe, that they could operate within, that would really help. You know it's fair to say, industry also feels that the . results are pointed at them all the time. And you know we have people who work really hard to control their emissions, and there are people who just don't get it, I guess. And maybe through the Hamilton Industrial Environmental Association, maybe a forum, you know, to begin working. And you know the city has a part of it through the idling and the road cleaning, and industry has a part of it, and MOE has a part of it. I just think it would be great if there was a more formal way of all these groups getting together and really making it happen. You know, putting the pressure on. You know they used to call us putting energy into the situation. You may not know exactly where you're going to end up, but if you keep pushing - because the city has some powers that MOE wouldn't have, and the MOE has some that the city wouldn't have, and you know if everybody gets together we'll get a."

Merulla : "Okay, so at the appropriate time I will move that direction as . my first motion. And lastly, with respect to the self-monitoring legislation which I believe was in 1995 or 1996. Now from a critical standpoint, you all remember Dalton McGuinty stating in opposition that it was a joke and needs to be eliminated. Well now it's the year 2006, and it seems he's just adopted what the Tories implemented. What is occurring from the grassroots perspective to ensure that not only they be held accountable for the . but that from a scientific standpoint the self-monitoring scenario can be proven to be contrary to what is in the best interests of air quality in Ontario." Corr: ".first of all let me declare my conflict on interest here, because I do do some projects with Rotek Environmental. I'm not an employee of theirs but I do team up with them on some things and they are the company that operates the Hamilton Air Monitoring Network. It's actually not the industry who operates the Hamilton Air Monitoring Network. There's an independent manager - Clean Air Environmental. They . open bids and Rotek won the bid so they operate HAMN. They operate the Nanticoke environmental monitoring network. They do work in Labrador , in Northern Ontario , and so on. But I can tell you that that network is double audited. It's audited by the independent manager of the network, and it's audited by Ministry of the Environment staff. So that data is good. And it's a very good question because this is a big issue - and I frequently tell people the easiest thing in the world is to pay a lot of good money for bad data, and you don't find out about it until it's too late. So the auditing is critical in any of the networks or air monitoring, but this network is audited twice. And the other thing that's important is amount of valid data that you get from a network, and these networks run at 98% or better valid data, so they're as good as it gets. I can tell you, I've worked with the MOE, and I've worked with these guys, and it's as good as MOE or Environment Canada data." [44:00]

Merulla : "Okay. But I guess my biggest concern . the fact that it's not really public. I know we've tried on a number of occasions, the new Woodward and Brampton Street monitoring station, with records, we've been asking for the data. We don't have access to that data. So although it might be audited, it's not open and transparent in the sense that it could be publicly audited. . individuals such as yourself understand the data, albeit the city . Corr: "I think this also may be a timing issue because I know there are quarterly reports of that data, which is then sent to the manager of the network and then it's sent to the MOE. And my understanding was once it goes to the Minsitry of the Environment, it's public, and anybody can get it. Now what you can not get - at least currently - is real time access to the data. So you cannot get on a website and see, oh that's the wind direction and this is the SO2 thing. I mean that's an option - I don't know the details - probably costs some money but not that much money. It's a possibility to do that, but I think the city would have to push for that if they wanted it."

Merulla: "Well I guess the real time issue is really the issue, because for example, the most recent carbon fallout. Now once it occurs, the only data or evidence of that is what we see before us. And that's normally a thick soot that they tell us is not contaminated, but yet it's there - we're breathing it and it's on patio furniture, on our patios and so on. To me that's totally unacceptable in the sense that we're now reacting to the fallout, rather than sending the alarm to prevent the fallout from occurring. And I prefer to be in a situation where we as a community are preventing the fallout, rather than finding excuses after the fallout." Corr: "There's a lot of technical neat things you can do now, that you could not do five or ten years ago with the monitoring networks. And I don't know if the city is still part of HAMN, but they used to be when it was set up. So if you're still part of HAMN and you're still paying part of the shot, then you have a lot of leverage on how that network is run and what happens with it. But certainly I know there are other monitoring networks where the industry, you know, will have an alarm, that somebody will be paged. So when something happens at the plant. So you can build all these kinds of things in where if something goes over . either inside the plant or outside the plant, the plant manager or whoever's the foreman can get a page, email, whatever. So there's a lot of neat technical things you can do that are relatively easy and not terribly expensive. . If you're the city and you're still part of HAMN, I mean, I think that's something you can push for as being part of that organization."

Merulla: "At the appropriate time I'll include that in the motion as well, at the end of the meeting. Now with respect to mechanisms to prevent the fallout from occurring . I presume that there's a very costly type of endeavour to pursue a mechanism to prevent the fallout from occurring when something goes array within the system itself. So in essence, if you know that a fallout's about to occur, then the whole system shuts down to prevent the fallout. Now why hasn't that occurred, particularly in the east end? Because when I look at other jurisdictions with a similar type of plant they don't seem to have the same problem. So I'm assuming that they have a better system, and if so why wouldn't we be pursuing that locally? ." Corr: Notes to chair that he's not the one extending the discussion time. "I think these are all really good questions, Alderman Merulla, and I think part of the problem in Hamilton , part of the long-term problem, is there's a lot of different things going on at the same time. If you have a carbon black fallout, it's really visible, it's smeary, it's . But in terms of what the monitor measures, it's just seeing dust. And that smeary part could be maybe 5 percent of what the monitor's measuring. It doesn't really pick up on that component specifically. It may not see it. The kind of thing you're talking about might be an in-stack emission monitor which could be very very expensive. And . that would have to flag something within the plant, or something happening within the operation, and then you have to deal with the specific industry. I would think they have all kinds of interlocks and process controls within their plant, but it's kind of, you know, their property and their private issue."

Bratina : Thanks Corr for report "and I was very interested in Jason's contribution with regard to the vulnerability of drivers and passengers within the vehicle. Is that fairly - I read a lot of this and I've never come across anything like that. Is that fairly new research?" Corr : "Yes it is. It is really new research. There is some scientific data from other places, but not a lot of it. And what makes it so dramatic for us is that it's our own community, and it shows that it's happening in our own community with people's everyday lives and the decisions they make. And that's actually why the Geography department is so interested in the city wide and intersection measurements, because they have models that they can take our data and put it in their models and then generalize it to other cities all across North America . So this is really cutting edge stuff that's happening right here in Hamilton . And you know I find it thrilling that a 16-year-old is doing work at this level." Bratina : "Yeah, and very insightful too, because I've - I think most of us in this room would sort of assume that in the car there's some kind of a filter, and just close the window and you're okay." Corr : "Sure".

Bratina : "Is there any potential for detectors in the car, such as we have in our house for CO too?" Corr : "Well the CO monitors that you have in your house, you could probably put in your car and see it. But they alarm at a relatively high level, as I understand it, for CO, and the real problem, and this is a very fundamental problem with the way we control air pollution in Canada or North America , is that we have tended to set standards which it was thought you have a safety margin. So you could go over the standards and still be okay. But what we're now finding over the last five or ten years is that a lot of these pollutants like NO2 and fine particles and CO - the health effects just keep going right on down. So that even at a relatively low level, there's some health effects. There's no cutoff. And we need to move towards these cooperative approaches that alderman Merulla talked about - you know, a system of continuous improvement. We've just gotta keep pushing it to get better and better and better."

Bratina : "Would it be reasonable for you to suspect that taking the data that you got by the school, then one of those huge traffic jams that we hear about every day when there's an accident and the cars are all piling up and nothing moves for an hour, that it would be multipled?" Corr : "That is exactly correct and that is why Jordan 's data showed what it did. And those noise walls along the QEW stop the noise, you know, for the people with their backyards there, but they concentrate the pollution because it doesn't get blown away." Bratina : "And a final thing, will this data make its way to the Ministry of Health and other people who can interpret it and combine it with death rate factors, medical costs and so on?" Corr : "Yes, it certainly will." [53:16]

McHattie praises presentations. ".school board obviously has a key role to play in terms of air quality around the schools, the anti-idling issue, the George R Allan example that you talked about - that's in my ward, and I am following up with the school board on that specific school. I'll be wanting to look at other schools throughout the ward as well. Have you made this presentation to the board itself, the politicians, the trustees, and/or staff at the school board?" Corr: "Actually no I haven't. I think that's a really good idea, to probably approach them to do that and as you know there was a report on school buses which are kind of just boxes on wheels. They are not very well sealed so the kids in the school buses are exposed to significant levels of pollutants when they're being driven around. I think we also need to do that idling, you know, when the school buses sit there and the vehicles are idling and the kids are outside ."

McHattie offers to go with Corr to make the presentation "just so there is that link, a link that tenuous most of the time between the trustees and the councillors. So I want to continue to try to find opportunities to support that link. If we're going to do anything around the schools, it's going to have to be a joint initiative of our traffic department, parking, etc, etc, with the school boards. Let us know how that goes, and you want us to join you . The other question is just the Frid Street industrial area . How precise can we get on that in terms of trying to find which of the industries are perhaps causing the largest challenges? And again, wind is a big issue, where the neighbourhooods that are at risk in the immediate area. Can we get some of that, perhaps, even if it's only the first cut, from the data that you have." Corr : ".It's probably unique in the history of air pollution, it's pretty easy to tell where the source is because you can see the track out - and usually there's a huge sign at the entrance giving the industry's name, so I got some good pictures. Again we were really short of time, so we probably spent about an hour and a half through there, as part of doing some McMaster sampling and so on. . We should spend more time on this stuff."

McHattie: "I'd like to follow up with you on that, and again, we're not going after a particular industry, but there are some pretty simple things I think can be done. We can work with industries on the trackout issue. It's fairly straightforward. . I know in that area we've obviously got the complication of the 403 and Main Street and King Street, which complicate the local air pollution issues, so we have to tease out what's causing the issues, but trackout is straightforward . we can definitely make an impact on that." Corr : "Paving an entire yard can be a really serious expense for a small industry, but there are road sealants that can be used which will stop the dust in trackout. You just can't just wet it down because then you make mud and it's tracked away and dries out and becomes worse. So it doesn't have to be super expensive, but it does have to be done right. And that's what we're hoping this workshop in the fall will lead to." McHattie : "Appreciate that Denis and we'll follow up on the school board issue and the Frid Street area."

Jackson : "Dr Corr, very intriguing presentations. You touched upon cyclists not being on main arterials. You know that our cycling community, and we have an advocacy group in Hamilton, that have advocated for more cycling routes - and if memory serves me right, not only in the more recreational areas, and more aesthetically pleasing areas, but also to have some semblance of equal opportunity with the motorized vehicle. How would you respond to that?" Corr: "Yes, I inadvertently, I guess the right word is ignited a discussion after my last presentation. And there's just a very serious issue of physical safety as well as respiratory and cardiac safety. My suggestion was to give cyclists an equal opportunity, but not in the same physical location . by having that residential street with the cycles having the right of way. It's an issue of people wanting to get about the city."

Jackson : "I mean one is obviously alternative modes of transportation, which in itself helps the environment, but the other aspect is what you touched upon, let alone the problematic logistical problem of more cars than cyclists, and trying to compete for the same roadway on the main arterials. I think that we need to in the future have discussion possibly with Dr Corr and others who come at it from that perspective, along with the cycling community. Possibly if we can everybody in the same room with our staff, with members of council, because we want to do what's right over all. And that was an interesting point that I noted that the doctor raised. Second point, Dr Corr, do you really think that the idling impacts are right now a societal concern? And let me preamble before you answer please. Society took a major change over the last three decades with regards to the smoking issue and the tobacco issue. There's a subcommittee of council, chaired by councillor McHattie, which is working on the pesticide bylaw issue, which we have currently tabled, partly because it's only a precautionary principle. There's not enough scientific data out there. And partly because we're not sure if our community is there yet, to accept a radical change. Do you really think that society and our community in particular understands the impact of idling on the environment and on their own public health. Personally, I don't think so, but I want to hear from you." Corr: "I completely agree with you. I don't think people do realize. I can tell you I didn't realize a year ago or a year and a half ago when I started doing this. And I was frankly horrified when I parked the truck downwind of a couple of different intersections and saw the sky-high levels of pollutants, and like everybody else. I've been in the business for a number of years and you tend to think of large industries, the QEW, and stuff like that. But these are very high levels of pollutants. . I was stunned and I spoke at some of the commuter challenge kickoffs, and I advocated what I called the one percent solution - we have between 100 and 300 people dying every year in Hamilton from air pollution. All we need to do, if we made a one percent difference, we'd save one to three lives every year. That's a very small change in behaviour. . My family now say to me if I stop the car and we're just talking, they'll tell me, they just say turn it off - because they've heard me yack on about it. It's a much bigger problem than I ever thought until I got out there and measured it."

Jackson : "I appreciate that. It kind of reinforces my feelings because unlike the tobacco debate where society literally frowned upon, and said no more, by an overwhelming majority, where tobacco and smoking in the past was acceptable. I don't see - I see more SUVs on the road; I see more cars on the road; I see more cars in driveways of the average homeowner. And I just don't see society yet understanding or appreciating or accepting potentially the idling impact upon their health and the overall environment of our community." Corr: "It's happening. There's a number of large car companies in serious trouble right now because they have an inventory of SUVs and large trucks that they can't sell."

Jackson : "Last question, we're there are other comparators with other muncipalities with Hamilton to give us some idea about that?" Corr: "Not with the mobile monitoring survey, because this has been pretty different from any other mobile survey that's been done. There have been some specific measurements of particulate, but the not the range of pollutants that we did. The federal government has done some. We're not wildly different from other communities, from the measurements that have been made. We always see some things the same and some things different, when you make local measurements. We do have some of these industrial complexes that other people don't have, but overall the fixed networks say that we're about average for air quality." Jackson : "That's a positive, important message, because I think the perception may have been just the opposite. And I very much appreciate the information and responses Dr Corr"

Morelli: ".quite good report. For me it obviously verifies much of what I see. In working with councillor Merulla even most recently - black soot in the inner city is not totally new and is another great example, I think, of where we've got to step up and - your work is certainly going to bring a better focus to it. And I guess that's one of the concerns that I have that this work doesn't get slotted somewhere. It gets used as a real precitipator of a movement forward. The first question I had was, obviously some of the things occurring out there are generic to every community. Quite frankly, cars idle everywhere. You go to any community in North America they're doing a lot of the same things. And so I'm interested in what the strategies are to get at that - that's one thing. But I'm wondering whether you're - in my interest in Hamilton - whether you're taking those generic items and if you're separating out anything that's curious to Hamilton ? And if you're not, whether there's a plan to do that? In other words, the reason for that question by the way is that I continue to meet with medical personnel - having had my own personal experience - who are claiming that they don't know what it is, but there' something going on in Hamilton that's quite different than other communities in the province where they have worked. So is there a plan to try and look at that, number one? Obviously to look at the generic issues that occur everywhere, and that are behavioural, obviously, in part, and in Hamilton specifically? Is your plan to do any of that?" Corr: "Yes, there is. As I keep saying, we want to get going with phase two. We'll be back looking for some funding from Environment Canada, and Clean Air Hamilton and the city and the Ministry of the Environment to let us do that. First of all the generic stuff - I think that just because it happens in other places as well as here, doesn't mean that we can't contribute something to the broader knowledge. Like the work that Jordan 's done or some of the work at intersections which will be generalized through the work at the geography department. So other communities can learn from us. I guess what I'm saying is we have to play our part in the broader thing too. So about 50% of what we did was applicable anywhere, but it still brought in new data. And the other half was very Hamilton specific. If you look at the point sources, all the point source work we did, it's completely Hamilton specific. And a lot of those road dust issues, it exists in other communities but they're on a much higher level here because we have a very diverse industrial community. I mean all the councillors know that people just see the large industries, but we have hundreds and hundreds of smaller industries. We have a very large recycling industry, which feeds into larger industries, and we have a large waste management industry as well. So we're focusing on those things which are Hamilton specific, as well as the generic things.

Morelli: "That's important to me. We need to keep the focus on that. The other question I would have - I noted Brian asked if you were going to meet with the school board, but I guess my question would be, are you presenting in any way, shape or form to the medical profession, the respiratory people, urology people, who are claiming that they are seeing something pecuilar here in Hamilton. Are there any plans to present to them as well?" Corr: "The representatives of the health unit sit on Clean Air Hamilton, so they see all of the stuff and they bring it back to the health unit. I think I probably, and it's been on my mind. It's just like everybody else, I'm busy and I haven't got to it, is maybe contact the people in Health Sciences at McMaster and suggest that I present it at . sometime again. My list which is long as everybody else's. Maybe not as long as yours."

Morelli: I just want to conclude with a comment. One of the things that was mentioned . look at a proactive, preventive approach, and I think Denis made the comment there that it's expensive . And I guess where I'm now beginning to think there's a great opportunity to jump on this. I've always felt this. Well what really is expensive in terms of the long term? We see us encourage industrial development and some of the locations are absolutely atrocious. And I have in the mind the Port of Hamilton which is another great example of where that occurs when I saw the graph today it certainly reinforces that position as well. And I work with councillor McHattie with organization - I won't name them right now - in the community. Do you see us getting beyond this nice PR approach and looking at the net numbers. Obviously we see a lot of slick PR material, and certainly we want to recognize some of the wonderful work that corporate organizations do, but we have come to a time when we can cut through the nonsense and really get at this stuff? Or do you feel we're just still going to be .? Because quite frankly you know you mention railway activity, and I know that we have trains that idle for six and seven hours on the Lawrence Road corridor and certainly in the west end. I mean totally activities that if you did that on Concession Street , Tom Jackson would be rolling over. And I can tell you this happens every day in the east end. . Do you see this as a time when we can move forward and really take a hard look at this stuff, or have got some time to go? In your opinion?" Corr: ".I really see the time is ripe now. When I actually talk to people within different organizations, they all say you know times are really tough right now, the Canadian dollar is high, you know we've got everything going off shore, and then what they'll say is if you tell us we have to do it, we'll do it no problem. If it's a voluntary thing, we'll try. And you'll get quite a lot voluntarily, but that's when I come back to alderman Merulla's think - go for the full court press. Let the city use every lever it can. Let the Ministry of the Environment use every lever it can, and Environment Canada, and you know, get together as a cooperative group and find out and just say we're going to push this as far as we can. Work together and we'll see what we can do."

Morelli: "Denis, I really appreciate that answer. You did really come across as I hoped you would and that's why I want to conclude by saying I will strongly support the motion that councillor Merulla is pleaing for and hope at this juncture we can get something of substance out of it. Clearly this is not something new. I mean we haven't had the physical data you've presented, maybe, in the detail that you have, and maybe we need better detail yet, but if we can really sit at the table and bring all the parties to bear, and get hardnosed about this, and accept the fact that just because somebody pays $30 an hour in wages. I mean that's the black line balance here. In essence it may not be worth $30 an hour given the overall expense and cost to the community in terms of its population. I look forward to supporting the councillor with activity." [ 1:12:32 ]

Bruckler : ".Obviously from this dialagoe, people find this information very interesting and informative. And further to your point and councillor Merulla's motion, and I think it is very critical because I notice in the staff report they talk about phase two - about a very extensive inter-departmental working group. I think this motion will attract to that the various levels of government and industry as well. One of the points that seems very clear to me and I think is very clear to everybody, but how do we communicate that, and that is that everybody has a responsibility in this, no matter how small, or no matter how large. And yes the city and corporation can take a significant lead in moving this forward, but everyone has an opportunity and can contribute to air quality in this community. And I think to that extent, while some of the information we have here today, it is very disturbing, it is very negative towards this community, I think that if we can take a positive approach and hope that the media would assist in that effort as well, I think that we can probably help turn some of this around, . because someone pushing, or a lady pushing the lawnmower, person idling, to that extent everyone has an opportunity. And I think communication together with perhaps some regulatory direction is going to be what really turns this thing around to the benefit of this community." Corr: "Yes, everybody's got a bit of this, and when we talk about this, in some ways it sounds like you're talking about Clean Air Hamilton, which has got industry on it, Ministry of Environment, Environment Canada, the city, Green Venture, the Board of Health, but I think the city could maybe put more oomph into that from the city's end in terms of leaning on everybody. I better, I should shut up now."

DiIanni: ".report productive, well-timed and appreciated. And the questions have been asked. My only issue in terms of trying to address this, and I go back to the comment that you made and the comments that councillor Jackson made that we're not atypical. That we may have some peculiar issues, but we're not atypical from other communities. And although councillor Jackson says that may be a positive, it's also a negative, meaning that others are as bad as we are. So given the fact that we live here, that we're situated geographically here, of course, with Halton to the one side and Niagara to the other, and Brant and so to the other, I'm wondering if there's a need to draw together some of these communities as well so that it's really a regional plan as opposed to just a Hamilton specific plan. And I don't know whether Dr Corr's making the same sort of presentation in each of these other regions or not?" Corr: "Well I do have some knowledge of Halton because I'm doing a project for Halton. They want to set up a monitoring network because they don't have a good air monitoring network. There's no monitoring at all in Milton , and not much in Burlington , and so on, so we're sort of at the beginning of pushing boulder up the hill in Halton. There is a need there, and not at this stage in Halton and I don't know of anything that's happening in Brant. So it certainly would be worth trying to broaden this issue."

DiIanni : "And certainly we can, as we try to move this forward, at the very least provide information and communication to appropriate staff. Even if we start there, or if there are some councillors to participate in the discussion and see what's happening. And try to address these issues. I think obviously they need to be addressed globally, and nationally, and provincially, but at the very least if we started in our region that would be good." Corr: "If I can respond. The health unit in Halton. It's becoming very very concerned about the illness impact in Halton specifically, and they have been driving this process. There have been a couple of resolutions of regional council in Halton about the need for a proper air monitoring network. And there are a number of outreach programs to address air pollution. But if I can just comment, I am thrilled that you invited me here today, and I'm even more thrilled that you are going to have the climate change presentation - if we ever get to these poor guys behind me - because a lot of it is really about energy use. It's about how we use energy, how we move people around, like how we heat our houses and all the rest. And the hopeful thing is there are a ton of technologies that - you know the city has a real opportunity to just push over the top. Like people think geothermal is something that happens in Hawaii , but you get six feet down, outside the door, it's always 15 degrees centigrade. And you know people can heat or cool their homes with this kind of thing. The only problem is it has a capital cost up front. You know, it makes economic sense over 20 years but not over two years. So the city has all kinds of opportunities to be a real leader in a whole bunch of different areas here" [applause].

Bratina: "I think the mayor's point that many cities are in the same boat - I've had the privilege of travelling across Canada every year for 20 years to every major Canadian city, and no one comes close to what we have here that I've seen. To compare Hamilton to Calgary , for instance, is just not on. The thing that we can do - and I would agree with the mayor on the need to communicate with our community - is enforce. Where is the enforcement? How many Plastimets are in place and working right now that we're not scouting out? Do you think that was the last one, and there'll never be another? Maybe not to that drastic extent, but they're out there. How many trucks are travelling illegally on city streets because they're not on truck routes? We can't even put the anti-idling bylaw in place because we can't afford the enforcement. So we can talk all we want, but until we get serious, and confront this, and say we're not to stand for this as a city. We're going to have a clean city where quality of life comes first and everything else comes second. If we don't deal with enforcement and deal with it directly, we're never going to get anywhere. Thank you." [ 1:19:50 ]

Braden says he was trying to speed up his peers not Corr. Corr replies that he committed to 15 minutes "and I put my watch away about an hour". Braden : ".What I want to do is thank you sincerely not on behalf of this council but from the city of Hamilton for doing what you've done. I am one of the admirers of knowledge and integrity of data. And following that hopefully there is going to be a real commitment to action. And that all makes a lot of sense, and we have to start somewhere, and you, I think, have been leading the way. So I salute you and your co-workers, .." [ 1:20:43 ]

Merulla : "I'll move to receive the presentation but I'd also like to attach the motion to that as well. So moved by myself and seconded by councillor Morelli. Whereas the city of Hamilton has facilitated monitoring of problematic areas as it pertains to air quality; and whereas a second phase related to the monitoring is needed to assess and formulate an action plan from a practical standpoint; and whereas air quality issues are the responsibility of all levels of government and industry; therefore, be it resolved, that the city of Hamilton formulate a multi-level legislative approach in implementing a plan of action conducive to a multi-formulated approach for a real time air monitoring in the city of Hamilton with the participation of industry representatives and other levels of government." Braden speaks off mic. Motion is moved and carried without opposition. Motion to receive is also adopted. [applause]. [ 1:22:19 ]

End of item 5.1. Transcript of remaining parts of the meeting is being prepared.

5.2 Public Health Services Response to report: H ealth-Impacting Air Pollutants: A Mobile Monitoring Study to Identify and Rank Sources in Hamilton , Ontario (no copy) Braden calls on Dr Matthew Hodge to make the presentation. [ 1:22:36 ]

5.3 Corporate Air Quality and Climate Change Strategic Plan
- Phase I (PED06336) (City Wide)

DELEGATIONS

The following delegations were approved by the Planning and Economic Development Committee to address Committee of the Whole respecting Climate Change:

6.1 Ryan McGreal

6.2 Julia Kollek

6.3 Jodi-Anne Taylor (absent)

6.4 David Kuruc (absent)

6.5 Jack Santa Barbara (absent)

6.6 K. Ockenden

6.7 David Pengelly (absent)

6.8 Don McLean

6.9 William DeMille

6.10 James S. Quinn

The following delegations have requested status to address Committee of the Whole respecting Climate Change:

6.11 Carolyn Barnes - Dofasco

6.12 Richard Reble

6.13 Heather Donison, Green Venture

New delegations

•  Rabbi Baskin (withdrawn)

•  Daryl Bender

•  Virginia Cameron

•  Glenn Rivers

•  Matt Leiss

Braden : .when we talk about the differences between following and leading, you can see in the past that we jumped on the bandwagon for West Nile . . big bucks, and to be a little bit facetious, you know, spending all this money for three dead crows and no human deaths. I don't mean to be too crude. Here were talking between 100 and 300 deaths . and as long as those aren't people we know and are just statistics .. So we can choose to be followers and wait til everybody else does something, or we can become leaders. On West Nile we jumped in, presumably for the right reasons, and we spent money, and we agreed to commit to a program to deal with what we thought was a threat. Here's a threat, that depending upon your math, is 100 to 300 times bigger, a problem that's getting worse by the day, and I don't think we're really doing too much